How do you size steam piping?
Two principal factors determine pipe sizing in a steam system: 1. The initial pressure at the boiler and the allowable pres- sure drop of the total system. The total pressure drop in the system should not exceed 20% of the total maximum pressure at the boiler. This includes all drops—line loss, elbows, valves, etc.
How do I calculate what size pipe I need?
The equation for pipe diameter is the square root of 4 times the flow rate divided by pi times velocity. For example, given a flow rate of 1,000 inches per second and a velocity of 40 cubic inches per second, the diameter would be the square root of 1000 times 4 divided by 3.14 times 40 or 5.64 inches.
What is steam in sizing?
Steam is a compressible gas where pipe line mass flow capacity depends on steam pressure. Sponsored Links. Steam is a compressible gas where mass flow capacity of pipe lines depends on steam pressures. Steam pipes can be sized with the table and diagram below – pressure in bar, velocity in m/s and capacity in kg/h.
How much steam can flow through a pipe?
As a general rule, a velocity of 25 to 40 m/s is used when saturated steam is the medium. 40 m/s should be considered a practical limit, as above this, noise and erosion will take place particularly if the steam is wet. Some National standards quote velocities up to 76 m/s for saturated steam.
Should steam pipe be Schedule 40 or 80?
Schedule 80 is called out as good practice for most condensate systems since they are a severe duty as compared to steam. Condensate is likely to contain carbonic and or other mild acids. This tends to erode condensate piping over time. Making this kind of piping thicker from the start builds in a factor of safety.
How is steam flow rate calculated?
The orifice flow meter for steam functions identically to that for natural gas flow. For steam measuring, orifice flow flowmeters are commonly used to monitor boiler steam production, amounts of steam delivered to a process or tenant, or in mass balance activities for efficiency calculation or trending.
How do you calculate steam per hour?
The condensing rate may be determined from this by dividing the equipment rating (in kW) by the enthalpy of evaporation of the steam at the operating pressure (in kJ/kg) to give a steam flowrate in kg/s. Multiplying the result by 3 600 will give kg/h.
How is a pipe size classified?
The classification of pipes are schedule and nominal diameter. Pipe is typically ordered using the Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) standard and by specifying a nominal diameter (pipe size) and schedule number (wall thickness).
What type of pipe is used for steam?
carbon steel ASTM
Pipes for steam systems are commonly manufactured from carbon steel ASTM A106. The same material may be used for condensate lines, although copper tubing is preferred in some industries.
What is steam formula?
and proved that the specific heat of steam at zero pressure, denoted by S0, must be very nearly constant and equal to 0*477, or 13R/3 over this range, assuming that steam approximated to the ideal state represented by the gas equation P (Y — b) = R,T at low pressures.
Why is steam measured in kg?
We measure steam flowrate in kg/h for small flowrate of tph for bigger flowrate. The kg/cm 2 is the steam pressure, not the flowrate.
How do you read a pipe size chart?
Tubing is measured by the OUTSIDE DIAMETER (O.D.), specified in inches (e.g., 1.250) or fraction of an inch (eg. 1-1/4″). Pipe is usually measured by NOMINAL PIPE SIZE (NPS)….OD and Nominal Pipe Size.
| Nominal Pipe Size | Outside Diameter (inches) |
|---|---|
| 1″ | 1.315 |
| 1-1/4″ | 1.66 |
| 1-1/2″ | 1.9 |
| 2″ | 2.375 |
How many pipe sizes are there?
The list of pipe schedules used today are as follows; 5, 5S, 10, 10S, 20, 30, 40, 40S, 60, 80, 80S, 100, 120, 140, 160, STD, XS AND XXS.
How are pipes sized?
OD and Nominal Pipe Size Tubing is measured by the OUTSIDE DIAMETER (O.D.), specified in inches (e.g., 1.250) or fraction of an inch (eg. 1-1/4″). Pipe is usually measured by NOMINAL PIPE SIZE (NPS). Although it is related to the outside diameter, it is significantly different.
How do I choose a pipe?
8 Elements to Consider When Selecting Pipe Material
- Material Being Transported.
- Temperature of Liquid Passing Through.
- The Pressure of the Liquid Handling Process.
- Service Life of the Fluid Handling System.
- Ease of Maintenance.
- Exposure to External Elements.
- Valve and Fitting Sizes.