What is a thumb deformity?
A radial clubhand is a deformity that involves all of the tissues on the thumb side (radial side) of the forearm and hand. There may be shortening of the bone, a small thumb, or absence of the thumb. Deformities of the wrist are usually operated on around 6 months of age.
What is deformity in leprosy?
15 who reported the most common deformity to be trophic ulcer in (21.73%) followed by claw hand, foot drop, madarosis, claw toes, lagophthalmos, ear lobe deformity, facial palsy, and finally nose deformity. In leprosy, eyes, hands and feet are the commonly affected areas of impairment even in advanced stages.
How does leprosy cause claw hand?
It is frequently reported to be caused by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [10, 11]. Claw hand deformity is characterized by flexion of the PIP joints and extension of the metacarpophalangeal joints due to peripheral neuropathy [6, 7], which is often reported as a complication of leprosy [7, 8].
What is claw hand deformity?
Ulnar nerve palsy – claw hand; Ulnar nerve dysfunction – claw hand; Ulnar claw. Claw hand is a condition that causes curved or bent fingers. This makes the hand appear like the claw of an animal. Claw hand is a hand characterized by curved or bent fingers, making the hand appear claw-like.
What causes Z deformity?
The more that the wrist is deviated radially, the more the fingers deviate in the ulnar direction. This is thought to be due to the biomechanics of the hand as an intercalated segment. The muscles pull the distal bones proximally, causing a collapse into a zig-zag deformity.
What causes thumb deformity?
What causes the thumb deformity? Wear and tear of the bones, and of the ligaments and muscles that surround the base joint (TMC, also called the CMC) of the thumb occurs commonly during tasks that require a resisted pinch or grip.
What are deformities?
A deformity is any sort of disfigurement or distortion that makes a part of the body a different size or shape than it would be normally. Deformities can be: congenital: present at birth. developmental: appearing later in childhood. acquired: caused by injuries or illnesses that were not present at birth.
What is reaction hand in leprosy?
Leprosy reactions are divided into type 1 reaction (or reversal reaction, RR), and type 2 reaction (or erythema nodosum leprosum, ENL). Type 1 reactions result from the activation of cell immunity, expressed clinically by exacerbation of skin and nerve trunk inflammation, leading to sensory and motor alterations.
What is claw hand called?
An ulnar claw, also known as claw hand or ‘spinster’s claw’, is a deformity or an abnormal attitude of the hand that develops due to ulnar nerve damage causing paralysis of the lumbricals.
Why does Klumpke palsy cause claw hand?
When the ulnar and median nerves get damaged, muscles in the forearm override the action of the lumbricals, causing the hand to look like a claw. So, with klumpke’s palsy, we end up with a person who’s forearm is stuck in the supinated position, with the wrist extended.
What is lobster claw syndrome?
Split hand/foot malformation (SHFM) is a limb abnormality that is present at birth. It is characterized by absence of certain fingers and toes (ectrodactyly) that suggest a claw-like appearance and webbing of fingers and toes may also be present.
What causes Z deformity of thumb?
A ‘Z deformity’ may occur in rheumatoid arthritis. It is seen at the thumb and consists of hyperextension of the interphalangeal joint, and fixed flexion and subluxation of the metacarpophalangeal joint.
What causes deformed thumbs?
Brachydactyly is an inherited condition, which makes genetics the main cause. If you have shortened fingers or toes, other members of your family most likely also have the condition. It is an autosomal dominant condition, which means you only need one parent with the gene to inherit the condition.
Why is it called boutonniere deformity?
It’s called a boutonnière deformity because the slit in the tendon looks like a buttonhole with the bone showing. Boutonnière means buttonhole in French.
What are the three main hand deformities?
Specific congenital hand differences include the following:
- Syndactyly. Syndactyly is the most common congenital hand difference.
- Polydactyly. Polydactyly is the presence of more than five digits (poly means many).
- Thumb (Radial) Polydactyly.
- Radial Club Hand.
- Cleft Hand.
What are the types of deformity?
Common congenital deformities include cleft lips and palates, clubfeet, spina bifida, and spinal deformities like scoliosis, kyphosis, and hyperlordosis.
What are the two main types of deformities?
Deformities can be:
- congenital: present at birth.
- developmental: appearing later in childhood.
- acquired: caused by injuries or illnesses that were not present at birth.
What is Lucio phenomenon?
Lucio phenomenon (LP) is a rare reactional state seen in cases of diffuse lepromatous leprosy. Lucio leprosy is a pure, primitive, and diffuse form of lepromatous leprosy. It is observed almost exclusively in Mexico and Central America and is considered a globally restricted phenomenon.
What is type 2 reaction in leprosy?
Type 2 lepra reaction is an immunologically mediated Gell and Coomb’s type III hypersensitivity reaction. It presents in patients with lepromatous and borderline lepromatous leprosy usually before, during and rarely after multidrug therapy (MDT) for leprosy.
What is ulnar claw?