What is non hydrostatic pulmonary edema?
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema is a disease process that results in acute hypoxia secondary to a rapid deterioration in respiratory status. The disease process has multiple etiologies, all of which require prompt recognition and intervention.
Is morphine contraindicated in pulmonary edema?
The use of opioids in acute pulmonary oedema is considered standard therapy by many physicians. The immediate relieving effect of morphine on the key symptomatic discomfort associated with acute heart failure, dyspnoea, facilitated the categorisation of morphine as a beneficial treatment in this setting.
What causes non cardiogenic pulmonary edema?
Causes of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema include: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This serious disorder occurs when the lungs suddenly fill with fluid. Many conditions can cause ARDS , including severe injury (trauma), widespread infection (sepsis), pneumonia and severe bleeding.
Which disease is Kerley B line most common in?
Edema first spreads through the bronchovascular interstitium and later through the septal interstitium, but Kerley B lines are an infrequent observation in patients with congestive heart failure. Kerley lines are most often seen in patients with chronic or recurrent heart failure.
Why morphine is used in pulmonary oedema?
Morphine helps in pulmonary oedema by reducing the preload and therefore reducing the pulmonary capillary pressure. It also reduces the afterload to a lesser extent. At a cellular level, morphine and its metabolite morphine-6-glucuronide act as agonists on the mu and kappa opioid receptors.
Why is morphine given in CHF?
Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) patients can experience significant breathlessness despite maximum medication for their heart failure. Morphine has long been used to relieve symptoms in acute failure, but there is little evidence about this potentially useful palliative therapy in CHF.
How do cardiogenic and non cardiogenic pulmonary edema differ?
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema is caused by changes in capillary permeability as a result of a direct or an indirect pathologic insult, while cardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs due to increased capillary hydrostatic pressure secondary to elevated pulmonary venous pressure.
What is the difference between cardiogenic and Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema?
How is cardiogenic pulmonary edema treated?
How is cardiogenic pulmonary edema treated?
- Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
- Ventricular assist device.
- Heart valve replacement.
- Coronary artery bypass graft.
- Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), which helps your heart pump better.
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
- Heart transplant.
When do we see Kerley B lines?
Septal lines, also known as Kerley lines, are seen when the interlobular septa in the pulmonary interstitium become prominent. This may be because of lymphatic engorgement or edema of the connective tissues of the interlobular septa. They usually occur when pulmonary capillary wedge pressure reaches 20-25 mmHg.
Can you give morphine in heart failure?
Recent ESC guidelines support the use of morphine for palliative care in end-stage heart failure (15). This guideline states, “morphine (with an antiemetic when high doses are needed) can be used to reduce breathlessness, pain and anxiety”.
Can morphine make heart failure worse?
Patients given morphine had higher rates of ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease and dementia and had a worse functional status, with a higher New York Heart Association class (NYHA III–IV).
How is non cardiogenic pulmonary edema treated?
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema is usually secondary to a more systemic severe medical or surgical pathology that triggers the event, and the treatment should be directed to treat that pathology. Oxygen supplementation in the form of mechanical ventilation (invasive or non-invasive) is always required.