Who founded the International Committee for the Safety of Nanking?
businessman John Rabe
To coordinate their efforts, the Westerners formed a committee: the International Committee for the Nanking Safety Zone. German businessman John Rabe was elected as its leader, partly because of his status as a member of the Nazi party and the existence of the German–Japanese bilateral Anti-Comintern Pact.
What was the Nanking Safety Zone and by whom was it established?
The Nanking Safety Zone (Chinese: 南京安全區; pinyin: Nánjīng Anquán Qǖ; Japanese: 南京安全区, Nankin Anzenku, or 南京安全地帯, Nankin Anzenchitai) was a demilitarized zone for Chinese civilians set up on the eve of the Japanese breakthrough in the Battle of Nanking (December 13, 1937).
Where was the Nanking Safety Zone?
The Nanjing Safety Zone included the western district of the city from Nanjing University to the city’s northern gates. This included Ginling Women’s Arts and Science College, the American embassy, and various Chinese buildings.
Why was the Nanking Safety Zone created?
Photograph of George Fitch, an American Protestant Missionary in China when the Imperial Japanese Army invaded Nanjing in December of 1937. George Fitch was the administrative director of the Nanjing Safety Zone Committee responsible for trying to create an area of protection from the marauding army.
Who was responsible for the Nanking war crimes?
Nanjing Massacre
| Nanjing Massacre Rape of Nanjing | |
|---|---|
| Attack type | Mass murder, genocide, wartime rape, looting, and arson |
| Deaths | 200,000 (consensus), estimates range from 40,000 to over 300,000. |
| Perpetrators | Imperial Japanese Army Prince Yasuhiko Asaka (granted immunity) Gen. Iwane Matsui Lt. Col. Isamu Chō |
Which incident led to the invasion of Manchuria by Japan?
In 1931, a dispute near the Chinese city of Mukden (Shenyang) precipitated events that led to the Japanese conquest of Manchuria.
Who created the Nanking Safety Zone?
Following the example of Jesuit Father Robert Jacquinot de Besange in Shanghai, the foreigners in Nanking created the Nanking Safety Zone, managed by the International Committee for the Nanking Safety Zone led by German businessman and Nazi party member, John Rabe.
How big is the Nanking Safety Zone?
This is approximately the 1.5 times the size of Central Park in New York. The fifteen members of the International Committee for the Nanking Safety Zone were as follows:
Who were the Westerners who remained in Nanking?
Other than these five journalists, the other Westerners who remained in Nanking were businessmen, physicians and missionaries. Almost all of these were members of either the International Committee for the Nanking Safety Zone or the International Red Cross Committee of Nanking .
Who were the first refugees to enter the Nanking Safety Zone?
The first refugees to enter the Nanking Safety Zone were those who had lost their homes to aerial bombardments or had abandoned homes on the outskirts of the city in the face of the approaching Japanese army.