What is Th17 responsible for?
Th17 cells prevent severe HIV infection by maintaining the intestinal epithelial barrier during HIV infection in the gut. Because of their high levels of CCR5 expression, the coreceptor for HIV, they are preferentially infected and depleted. Thus, it is through Th17 cell depletion that microbial translocation occurs.
What induces Th17 cells?
Inflammation and pathogenesis induced by Th17 cells is a result of the pro-inflammatory cytokines these cells produce, but another important and often overlooked factor is the chemokines and chemokine receptors that mediate trafficking of activated T cells into diseased tissue.
What do Th17 cells produce?
Th17 cells are proinflammatory cells that secrete IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, and IL-22 and provide immunity to several extracellular pathogens including defense against infections from Candida, Citrobacter, and Klebsiella (Happel et al., 2005; Huang et al., 2004; Mangan et al., 2006).
What stimulates Th17 differentiation?
Extracellular factors controlling Th17 plasticity. The presence of TGF-β and IL-6 induces IL-21 in T cells, which acts in an autocrine manner through the transcription factor STAT3 to establish Th17 commitment. IL-23 and IL-9 also activate STAT3 to promote Th17 differentiation.
Is Th17 a memory cell?
Human TH17 Cells Are Long-Lived Effector Memory Cells – PMC.
What cytokines does Th17 produce?
Th17 cells produce the cytokines IL-17A [IL-17] (1–2) and IL-17F (5), as well as the cytokines IL-21 (6–7) and IL-22 (8–9).
How do Th17 cells promote an immune response?
CD4 T cells play a key role in the functioning of a healthy immune system. They assist B cells to make antibodies, activate the microbe killing capacity of macrophages and recruit other immune cells to infected or inflamed areas of the body.
Is TH17 a memory cell?
What cytokines does TH17 produce?
What are T helper 17 (Th17) cells?
What are T helper 17 (Th17) cells? CD4 + T helper lymphocytes are mediators of cellular immunity that play a critical role in the activation of other immune cells such as B cells and cytotoxic T cells, as well as in the regulation of immune responses.
What is Th17 lineage?
The T-helper cell 17 (Th17) lineage is a recently discovered subset of effector memory T cells. Th17 cells play a critical role in the induction of the tissue inflammation and tissue destruction that are hallmarks of many immune-inflammatory diseases.
What is the difference between Th1 and Th17?
Th17 cells are responsible for a variety of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. The discovery of Th17 cells by Cua and colleagues showed that adoptive transfer of MOG-specific Th17 cells induces the development of EAE much more significantly than Th1 cells (Langrish et al. , 2005). However, not all Th17 cells function similarly.
What is the role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of inflammation?
^ Gagliani N, Amezcua Vesely MC, Iseppon A, Brockmann L, Xu H, Palm NW, et al. (July 2015). “Th17 cells transdifferentiate into regulatory T cells during resolution of inflammation”.