What antibiotics are used for chorioamnionitis?
The standard drug treatment in the mother with chorioamnionitis includes ampicillin and an aminoglycoside (ie, usually gentamicin), although clindamycin may be added for anaerobic pathogens.
Why is gentamicin given in pregnancy?
Background: Gentamicin is used in pregnancy to treat infections that cause complications to the mother and fetus if left untreated.
Does gentamicin cross the placenta?
Gentamicin crosses the placenta, and umbilical cord sampling has found peak fetal levels to be 34% to 42% of maternal levels. As previously stated, there is increased clearance and a decreased half-life of gentamicin in pregnant women.
When should I take gentamicin levels?
Gentamicin levels should be taken 6-14 hours after the start of the infusion. For a daily dose of 5mg/kg/day the Urban-Craig nomogram can be used. Gentamicin levels should be taken 8-12 hours after the dose.
What is chorioamnionitis in pregnancy treatment?
Chorioamnionitis is a bacterial infection that occurs before or during labor. The name refers to the membranes surrounding the fetus: the “chorion” (outer membrane) and the “amnion” (fluid-filled sac). The condition occurs when bacteria infect the chorion, amnion, and amniotic fluid around the fetus.
What is gentamicin?
Descriptions. Gentamicin injection is used to treat serious bacterial infections in many different parts of the body. Gentamicin belongs to the class of medicines known as aminoglycoside antibiotics. It works by killing bacteria or preventing their growth.
Does gentamicin affect fetus?
A number of studies have investigated the chance of birth defects in the baby following use of specific aminoglycosides in early pregnancy. There is currently no proof that use of gentamicin, neomycin, streptomycin, or tobramycin is linked to birth defects in the baby.
Can a pregnant woman use gentamicin?
Topical gentamicin falls into category C. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Gentamicin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
How do you treat chorioamnionitis?
If your doctor diagnoses chorioamnionitis, he or she may treat you with antibiotics to help treat the infection. However, often the treatment is to deliver the fetus. If the newborn has an infection, he or she will be given antibiotics as well.
Is gentamicin safe for babies?
Gentamicin is routinely used in neonatal intensive care to treat bacterial infection. However, this drug is ototoxic. Hearing loss is more prevalent in infants born before 32 weeks of gestation than in term neonates. However, harmful effects occur in all infants.
How do you calculate gentamicin?
The dose is calculated using these assumptions:
- CrCl > 40ml/min at 5mg/kg dose to a maximum of 500mg.
- CrCl 10-40ml/min at 3mg/kg dose to a maximum of 300mg.
- CrCl <10ml/min at 1mg/kg dose to a maximum of 120mg.
- Round the dose up or down to the nearest 20mg increment for doses less than 200mg and 40mg above this.
How do you manage chorioamnionitis?
How is chorioamnionitis treated? If your doctor diagnoses chorioamnionitis, he or she may treat you with antibiotics to help treat the infection. However, often the treatment is to deliver the fetus. If the newborn has an infection, he or she will be given antibiotics as well.
How do you treat an infected placenta?
Antibiotics are used to treat chorioamnionitis as soon as the infection is found. Your healthcare provider may encourage you to deliver your baby early. This can prevent complications for you and your baby.
Is it safe to take gentamicin in pregnancy?
This drug should be used during pregnancy only if the benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus. Comments: -Therapeutic blood levels in the mother do not equate with safety for the fetus. -Some experts recommend: Aminoglycosides should be considered potentially ototoxic and nephrotoxic to the fetus.
How many days should gentamicin injection be taken?
Gentamicin is usually given for 7 to 10 days. Gentamicin is injected into a muscle, or into a vein through an IV.
What category is gentamicin in pregnancy?
Gentamicin and Pregnancy Gentamicin for injection falls into category D. It has been shown that use of gentamicin in pregnant women caused some babies to be born with problems. However, in some serious situations, the benefit of using this medication may be greater than the risk of harm to the baby.
Why are aminoglycosides contraindicated in pregnancy?
Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity are recognised side effects of aminoglycosides. Ototoxicity has also been reported following in utero streptomycin exposure and it is therefore possible that use of any aminoglycoside in pregnancy carries an increased risk of permanent damage to the ear or kidney in exposed offspring.
How can you reduce the risk of chorioamnionitis?
What can I do to prevent chorioamnionitis? If your bag of waters breaks early (premature rupture of membranes), antibiotics lowers the chance of chorioamnionitis. It is also helps to limit the number of vaginal exams before and during labor.
How is gentamicin neonates calculated?
The daily dose in infants after the first month of life is 4.5 – 7.5 mg/kg/day as one single dose (preferred) or two divided doses. The daily dose in neonates and pre-term infants (aged 0 – 4 weeks old) is 4 – 7 mg/kg/day. Due to the longer half-life, newborns are given the required daily dose in one single dose.