What is a switching substation?
A switching station is a substation without transformers and operating only at a single voltage level. Switching stations are sometimes used as collector and distribution stations. Sometimes they are used for switching the current to back-up lines or for parallelizing circuits in case of failure.
What is arc in substation?
An arc flash happens when electrical current travels through the air, jumping from conductor to conductor or from a conductor to the ground. Whether it’s caused by dust, condensation, a power failure, a wiring problem or another issue, arc flash can have truly devastating consequences.
What are different types of substations?
Substation Types: Although, there are generally four types of substations there are substations that are a combination of two or more types.
- Step-up Transmission Substation.
- Step-down Transmission Substation.
- Distribution Substation.
- Underground Distribution Substation.
- Substation Functions.
- Substation Equipment.
What is station and substation?
A power station is a place where electricity is copied and substations change voltage. A place where substations change voltage.
What is arc in switchgear?
During opening of current carrying contacts in a circuit breaker the medium in between opening contacts become highly ionized through which the interrupting current gets low resistive path and continues to flow through this path even the contacts are physically separated.
Why arc is created?
An electric arc is formed when high electric field strength (voltage gradient) over normally nonconductive material, such as a gas, causes an electric breakdown of the material, which increases the conductivity in the medium.
Why is switchgear used?
Switchgear Definition In the event of an electrical surge, an effective switchgear will trigger, automatically interrupting the flow of power and protecting the electrical systems from damage. Switchgears are also used for de-energizing equipment for safe testing, maintenance, and fault clearing.
Why is switchgear needed?
Switchgear protection is very important in any modern power system network. From power generation to distribution, switchgear helps run the electrical appliances in a streamlined manner and protects the equipment from overload Short-Circuit damage.
Why is DC supply used in substations?
The DC system is the most important component of a high voltage industrial/utility substation. It supplies the energy needed to manage the protective devices and high voltage components and allows electrical faults to be safely isolated. Most high voltage substations house either a sealed or flooded cell battery bank.
What causes an arc?
Arc flash occurs when electrical current becomes uncontrolled, and passes through an air gap between conductors in an attempt to “jump” from one conductor to another. This results in a release of electrical energy that ionizes the surrounding air, generating an enormous amount of light, heat, and sound.
Why do powerlines arc?
Typically, this happens when you turn them either on or off. This is known as arcing and could be a result of two things. It could be caused by a damaged cable causing the popping sound or an arc flaw. If the cause is a damaged wire, the wiring cannot endure the current flowing, which is why the arcing takes place.
How much current is needed to arc?
However, arc furnaces typically use low voltages, around 30 to 40 volts, and high amperages, usually a couple hundred amps.