What is caustic treatment?
Caustic treatment is used to upgrade a wide range of liquid fractions from LPG to diesel fuels and heating oils. As the caustic solution (and often a catalyst) mixes with the hydrocarbon feed it either extracts or sweetens mercaptans, depending on the process used.
What is used to remove the caustic effect?
As such, a specially formulated polymeric coalescer, which is compatible with caustic, can be used to remove carried over caustic (Wines and Mokhatab, 2017a).
What is caustic refining?
5.4 Spent Caustic In the petroleum refining industry, caustic solutions (i.e., NaOH) are regularly used to remove H2S and organic sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon streams. Once H2S is reacted with NaOH, the solution becomes known as spent caustic or spent sulfidic caustic.
What is a caustic wash?
Caustic washing is used to remove corrosive and pungent sulphur compounds from poor quality crude oil so that it can be blended into petrol and diesel. The processed fuel smells better and is kinder to engines.
Does caustic raise or lower pH?
Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide, or NaOH) is a commonly used water treatment chemical that raises the pH of water by absorbing water and carbon dioxide.
What is caustic effect?
Caustics are the effects of light cast onto an object via reflection off or refraction through another object. Swimming pool rendered without caustics. Reflective caustics added to swimming pool. To calculate caustics, the mental ray renderer uses the photon map technique.
How do you reduce caustic embrittlement?
Caustic embrittlement can be prevented through several methods, including:
- Controlling the temperature and potential.
- Controlling the stress levels and hardness.
- Use of materials that do not crack when used in given environments.
- Avoiding alkali where necessary.
What is the other name of caustic soda solution?
Sodium hydroxide is also known as lye or soda , or caustic soda. At room temperature, sodium hydroxide is a white crystalline odorless solid that absorbs moisture from the air. It is a synthetically manufactured substance.
Does caustic break down oil?
Sodium hydroxide is frequently used as an industrial cleaning agent where it is often called “caustic”. It is added to water, heated, and then used to clean process equipment, storage tanks, etc. It can dissolve grease, oils, fats and protein-based deposits.
Why is caustic soda used in refinery?
Caustic soda is used in refining crude oil to remove sulfur impurities. Sodium hydroxide is used to produce soap and detergents. Solid caustic soda is used to make synthetic textile fibers (e.g., Rayon).
What is caustic dosing?
Dosing caustic soda is a widely used method to increase the pH of a solution. This dosing pump is specially configured for the safe and accurate dosing of caustic soda. The PP pump head and the full PTFE membrane are very durable and ensure that the dosing pump can do its job properly and for a long time.
What is the pH of caustic?
14.0
pH values for bases like sodium hydroxide, ammonia and more.
| Base | Normality | pH |
|---|---|---|
| Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) | N | 14.0 |
| Sodium hydroxide | 0.1 N | 13.0 |
| Sodium hydroxide | 0.01 N | 12.0 |
| Sodium metasilicate | 0.1 N | 12.6 |
Is caustic acidic or basic?
The word “caustic” is often used as a synonym for chemicals that are either alkaline (basic) or acidic in nature. However, the term “caustic”properly refers only to strong bases, particularly alkalis, and not to acids, oxidizers, or other non-alkaline corrosives.
What is an example of caustic?
The definition of caustic is a substance that burns or eats away by chemical reaction or a hurtful remark or relationship. An example of caustic is the effect mustard gas has on the skin. An example of caustic is a boyfriend who is emotionally abusive to his girlfriend.
Which additives are added to avoid caustic embrittlement?
Prevention. This can be prevented by using sodium phosphate ( Na 3PO 4) instead of sodium carbonate as softening reagents.
What are caustic drugs?
Caustics are usually hydroxides of light metals. SODIUM HYDROXIDE and potassium hydroxide are the most widely used caustic agents in industry. Medically, they have been used externally to remove diseased or dead tissues and destroy warts and small tumors.
Does caustic soda remove oil?
In heavy-duty applications, caustics like sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are diluted with water in concentrations that may exceed a 1 to 1 mix. Such concentrations, along with heat and mechanical energy are effective at removing oil, grease, and even oxides in some cases.
What is caustic treatment for hydrocarbons?
The other type of caustic treatment is sweetening, which requires injection of air that dissolves into the hydrocarbon. The oxygen from the dissolved air and the mercaptan already present in the hydrocarbon react in the presence of the solid bed catalyst and create disulfide that remains in the liquid hydrocarbon stream.
How do you get rid of spent caustic emulsion in a refinery?
Improve refinery productivity and product specifications by removal of spent caustic carryover via effective liquids and solids removal downstream of the extractor. KO pots, sand beds, water washes, and salt towers may not effectively remove the stable spent caustic emulsion.
Why is it important to remove spent caustic carryover?
Removing spent caustic carryover is important to ensure refinery final product quality and to protect downstream catalytic process units. Explore Pall’s caustic treatment solutions. All All Products Webpages Documents Webinars Events Locations Press Releases Solutions Go Cancel My Account My Account My Catalog
Why is caustic prewashing used in the extraction process?
Caustic prewashing is necessary to completely remove the residual H 2 S and CO 2 from the feed hydrocarbon. It is used upstream of the extraction process so that the feed is free of H 2 S and CO 2, which creates an S-laden caustic stream that must be disposed of.