Does doxorubicin cause cardiotoxicity?
The anthracycline anticancer drug doxorubicin is an effective and frequently used chemotherapeutic agent for various malignancies [1,2]. Its major adverse effect is cardiotoxicity, which may limit its use.
How long after completion of anthracycline therapy can late onset toxicity occur?
[10,11] Late-onset cardiotoxicity occurs more than 1 year after completion of anthracycline treatment. The late toxicity is a major concern in clinical scenarios where anthracyclines are used as part of a curative or adjuvant regimen-for example, in patients with breast cancer.
What is a potential long-term side effect of anthracycline chemotherapy?
Anthracycline-containing chemotherapy causes long-term impairment of mitochondrial respiration and increased reactive oxygen species release in skeletal muscle – PMC. The .
Can chemo cause bradycardia?
Conclusions: Sinus bradycardia as an adverse effect of chemotherapy is more frequent in acute myelocytic leukaemia, whilst the most common anti-neoplastic drugs associated with bradycardia were cytarabine and daunorubicin.
How is cardiotoxicity detected?
Cardiac magnetic resonance. CMR is the gold standard for detecting cardiotoxicity due to its accuracy, reproducibility, and ability to detect subtle changes in cardiac function that may be predictive of cardiotoxicity.
Which patient receiving anthracycline has the highest risk of cardiotoxicity?
Cumulative doses above 500 mg/m2 in adults and >300 mg/m2 in pediatric patients are associated with a higher risk of therapy-related cardiotoxicity [4, 5].
Can paclitaxel cause heart problems?
Paclitaxel-induced cardiotoxicity occurs either indirectly following a massive histamine release with subsequent conduction disturbances and arrhythmia, or through direct myocardial damage via an effect on subcellular organelles, which may induce congestive heart failure (CHF) [9, 10].
Does anthracycline cause cardiomyopathy?
Anthracycline-induced cardiac dysfunction (ACD) is a notorious side effect of anticancer treatment. It has been described as a phenomenon of a continuous progressive decline of cardiac function, eventually leading to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).
What is chemo called Red Devil?
The chemotherapy (“chemo”) drug “The Red Devil” is doxorubicin (Adriamycin). It is an intravenous cancer medicine with a clear, bright red color, which is how it got its nickname.
What can cause bradycardia?
Bradycardia can be caused by:
- Heart tissue damage related to aging.
- Damage to heart tissues from heart disease or heart attack.
- A heart condition present at birth (congenital heart defect)
- Inflammation of heart tissue (myocarditis)
- A complication of heart surgery.
- An underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism)
What chemo drugs cause heart problems?
Chemotherapy drugs that can cause heart damage include:
- anthracycline drugs such as doxorubicin (Adriamycin), daunorubicin (Cerubidine, daunomycin) and epirubicin (Pharmorubicin)
- cisplatin.
- carboplatin (Paraplatin, Paraplatin AQ)
- paclitaxel (Taxol)
- cyclophosphamide (Procytox)
How does doxorubicin affect the heart?
The increased risk of cardiac dysfunction from doxorubicin can manifest acutely during treatment or chronically weeks to years after treatment has ceased. Cardiac dysfunction may present across a board spectrum of symptoms that may range from arrhythmias to overt heart failure.
What is the most common adverse reaction of doxorubicin?
Side Effects
- Cough or hoarseness accompanied by fever or chills.
- darkening or redness of the skin (if you recently had radiation treatment)
- fast or irregular heartbeat.
- fever or chills.
- joint pain.
- lower back or side pain accompanied by fever or chills.
- pain at the injection site.
What drug can lead to cardiotoxicity?
Cytostatic antibiotics of the anthracycline class are the best known of the chemotherapeutic agents that cause cardiotoxicity. Alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, cisplatin, carmustine, busulfan, chlormethine and mitomycin have also been associated with cardiotoxicity.