How does a Monteggia fracture happen?
Usually a Monteggia fracture is caused by falling on an outstretched hand with forced pronation 5). If the elbow is flexed, the chance of a type 2 or 3 lesion is greater. In some cases, a direct blow to the forearm can produce similar injuries.
What is a Monteggia injury?
A Monteggia fracture-dislocation refers to dislocation of the radial head (proximal radioulnar joint) with fracture of the ulna.
Which nerve is injury in Monteggia fracture?
Posterior interosseous nerve palsy is the most common nerve injury in Monteggia fracture-dislocations,. Most of these injuries are neuropraxia and recover slowly after the anatomical reduction of the radial head.
How does Galeazzi fracture occur?
One of the main causes of a Galeazzi fracture is falling. A person who stretches out an arm for protection before hitting the ground risks breaking a bone in the wrist or arm. The impact can also cause the ulna to become dislocated. Any kind of blunt trauma, such as a car accident, can cause a Galeazzi fracture.
What is the difference between Galeazzi and Monteggia fracture?
Monteggia fractures and Monteggia variants are fractures of the proximal 1/3 ulna with concomitant proximal radioulnar joint (PRUJ) disruption (evident by radiocapitellar subluxation or dislocation). Galeazzi fractures are fractures of the radial shaft with concomitant dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ).
What is Monteggia variant fracture?
Monteggia fracture is a combination of fracture of proximal ulnar shaft associated with radial head dislocation (proximal radio-ulnar joint subluxation or dislocation). Such an injury is not common among children but may be challenging and lead to serious complications if not treated in acute stage.
Where is a Monteggia fracture?
The eponym Monteggia fracture is most precisely used to refer to a dislocation of the proximal radioulnar joint (PRUJ) in association with a forearm fracture, most commonly a fracture of the ulna. These injuries are relatively uncommon, accounting for fewer than 5% of all forearm fractures.
How do you remember a Monteggia fracture?
GRUesome MURder assists remembering which bone is firstly fractured and then secondly which is dislocated:
- G: Galeazzi R: radius fracture U: ulna dislocation.
- M: Monteggia U: ulna fracture R: radial head dislocation.
What is Galeazzi and Monteggia fracture Mnemonic?
GRUesome MURder assists remembering which bone is firstly fractured and then secondly which is dislocated: G: Galeazzi R: radius fracture U: ulna dislocation. M: Monteggia U: ulna fracture R: radial head dislocation.
Which nerve is affected in Galeazzi fracture?
Galeazzi fractures are sometimes associated with wrist drop due to injury to radial nerve, extensor tendons or muscles.
Why Galeazzi fracture is fracture of necessity?
In 1941, Campbell termed the Galeazzi fracture the “fracture of necessity,” because it necessitates surgical treatment; in adults, nonsurgical treatment of the injury results in persistent or recurrent dislocations of the distal ulna.
What is Galeazzi fracture dislocation?
Galeazzi fracture dislocations are a fracture of the distal one third of the radius shaft with a concomitant dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). These injuries usually occur by axial loading on an outstretched arm with pronation or supination of the wrist which determines the angulation of the fracture.
How do you remember monteggia?
Mnemonics
- G: Galeazzi. R: radius. I: inferior.
- M: Monteggia. U: ulna. S: superior.
Why is Galeazzi fracture a fracture of necessity?
How do you treat a broken monteggia?
Comminuted or long oblique ulna fractures are fixed by ORIF using plates and screws. Operative management is crucial for the majority of adult Monteggia fractures. Adults are more prone to the persistent angulation and shortening despite closed reduction techniques. The most common operative repair is an ORIF.
Why is it called Galeazzi fracture?
The Galeazzi fracture-dislocation is a fracture of the distal one-third of the radial shaft with an associated distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) dislocation. This injury was described first by Astley Cooper1 in 1826 and later named after Riccardo Galeazzi who published his series of cases in 1934.
How do you cast a Monteggia fracture?
Reduction maneuvers for complete fractures Place the thumb on the radial head and the fingers at the epicondyles and grasp the distal ulna to provide longitudinal traction. Simultaneously reduce the ulnar angulation and the radial head dislocation. Direct thumb pressure on the apex of the ulnar deformity may help.