What is the treatment for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Treatment with the drug hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) may improve your symptoms. Although hydrochlorothiazide is a type of drug that usually increases urine output (diuretic), it can reduce urine output for some people with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
How is NDI treated?
Treatment of NDI Treatment consists of ensuring adequate free water intake; providing a low-salt, low-protein diet; and correcting the cause or stopping any likely nephrotoxin. Serious sequelae are rare if patients can drink at will. If symptoms persist despite these measures, drugs can be given to lower urine output.
How is nephrogenic diabetes insipidus diagnosed?
Often nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is hereditary, but it can be caused by drugs or disorders that affect the kidneys. Symptoms include excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of urine. Diagnosis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is based on tests of blood and urine.
How is NDI diagnosed?
Other tests for NDI include:
- an MRI to evaluate the size of your kidney and to look for any anatomical abnormalities.
- renal sonography to rule out renal disorders and look for long-term damage.
- blood tests to measure the levels of sodium, potassium, chloride, urea, and creatine in your blood.
What is nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus occurs when there’s a defect in the structures in your kidneys that makes your kidneys unable to properly respond to ADH . The defect may be due to an inherited (genetic) disorder or a chronic kidney disorder.
What are the complications of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
If left untreated, severe dehydration may develop. Repeated episodes of severe dehydration may result in significant abnormalities including seizures, brain damage, developmental delays, and physical and mental disability.
How does HCTZ help nephrogenic DI?
In a rat model of lithium-induced nephrogenic DI, the authors describe that HCTZ treatment is able to modulate the expression of renal proteins important for water and sodium reabsorption in the collecting system (18).
What is NDI diabetes?
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare kidney disorder that may be inherited or acquired. NDI is not related to the more common diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes), in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin.
What drug class is desmopressin?
Desmopressin is in a class of medications called hormones. It works by replacing vasopressin, a hormone that is normally produced in the body to help balance the amount of water and salt.
What causes nephrogenic DI?
The acquired form of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus can result from chronic kidney disease, certain medications (such as lithium), low levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia), high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia), or an obstruction of the urinary tract.
Why do thiazides decrease GFR?
Thiazide diuretics reduce total body sodium by an initial natriuresis, resulting in decreased extracellular fluid volume and reduced glomerular filtration rate. These changes cause increased fluid reabsorption in the proximal renal tubule and reduce urine output.
What is the best time to take desmopressin?
Desmopressin lasts eight hours so it must be taken just before your child goes to sleep and there must be no drinks until eight hours after it has been taken. It can be more effective to take Desmopressin an hour before going to sleep so that it’s already working on slowing wee production as your child goes to bed.