Does phosphatidylserine trigger apoptosis?
The exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the outer plasma membrane has long been considered a unique feature of apoptotic cells. Together with other “eat me” signals, it enables the recognition and phagocytosis of dying cells (efferocytosis), helping to explain the immunologically-silent nature of apoptosis.
What is the major role of phosphatidylserine?
Phosphatidylserine (abbreviated Ptd-L-Ser or PS) is a phospholipid and is a component of the cell membrane. It plays a key role in cell cycle signaling, specifically in relation to apoptosis. It is a key pathway for viruses to enter cells via apoptotic mimicry.
What is the difference between phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine?
Both are phospholipids, a fatty acid with a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic double tail. We can convert PC to PS in the body, but not the other way around. PS is more concentrated in the brain, while PC is abundant in cellular membranes and mitochondrial membranes.
How do you use annexin V?
Add 5 μL of fluorochrome-conjugated Annexin V to 100 μL of the cell suspension. Incubate 10-15 minutes at room temperature. Protect from light. Add 2 mL 1X binding buffer and centrifuge at 400-600 x g for 5 minutes at room temperature.
What is the role of phosphatidylserine in the pathophysiology of apoptosis?
[…] Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure on the external leaflet of the plasma membrane is widely observed during apoptosis and forms the basis for the annexin V binding assay to detect apoptotic cell death.
How do you use annexin V to detect apoptosis?
Annexin V, a 36-kDa calcium-binding protein, binds to PS; therefore, fluorescently labeled Annexin V can be used to detect PS that is exposed on the outside of apoptotic cells. Annexin V can also stain necrotic cells because these cells have ruptured membranes that permit Annexin V to access the entire plasma membrane.
What is phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure?
Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure on the external leaflet of the plasma membrane is widely observed during apoptosis and forms the basis for the annexin V binding assay to detect apoptotic cell death.
What is the function of annexin V?
Annexin V belongs to a family of phospholipid binding proteins, the Annexins. It binds in the presence of Ca (2+)-ions with high affinity to negatively charged phospholipids like phosphatidylserine (PS).