What is Bohr Sommerfeld quantization rule?
AN APPROXIMATE RULE for the quantization of the energy of a periodic system with one degree of freedom is given by the well-known Bohr-Sommerfeld (B. -S.) quantization rule, which states that the action integral of the system must equal a half-integer times Planck’s constant.
What are the shortcomings of old quantum theory?
The main limitations of the old quantum theory are as follows: (a) It is not applicable to non-periodic system. (b) It cannot explain the relative intensities of the spectral lines. (c) The spectral lines of hydrogen molecule and normal helium atom cannot be explained by this theory.
What is quantum condition?
noun. A condition resulting from, or forming part of, the application of quantum theory to a system; a condition that selects from the states allowed by classical physics those that are consistent with quantum theory.
How does Sommerfeld model of atom introduce the concept of sub shell?
According to Sommerfeld’s model, for any principal quantum number n, there are n possible orbits of varying eccentricities called sub-orbits or sub-shells. Out of n subshells, one is circular and the remaining (i.e., n-1) are elliptical in shape.
What is new in quantum physics?
Researchers at Northeastern have discovered a new quantum phenomenon in a specific class of materials, called antiferromagnetic insulators, that could yield new ways of powering “spintronic” and other technological devices of the future.
What is Bohr frequency condition?
[¦bȯr ¦frē·kwən·sē kən‚dish·ən] (atomic physics) The law that the frequency of the radiation emitted or absorbed during the transition of an atomic system between two stationary states equals the difference in the energies of the states divided by Planck’s constant.
How the angular momentum is quantized in space?
The definite magnitude and direction of one component of angular momentum is known as “space quantization”. Restriction of to integer values was exploited in Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom. When spin is involved, and can also take half-integer values.
What is quantization of angular momentum?
Quantization of angular momentum means that the radius of the orbit and the energy will be quantized as well. Bohr assumed that the discrete lines seen in the spectrum of the hydrogen atom were due to transitions of an electron from one allowed orbit/energy to another.
What are the salient features of Bohr Sommerfeld atom model?
The new and more general Bohr–Sommerfeld theory described the atom in terms of two quantum numbers, while Bohr had originally used only one quantum number. With this extension the theory provided an explanation of the Stark effect, the ordinary Zeeman effect, and the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum.
What are the limitations of Bohr Sommerfeld model of atom?
(ii) It could not explain the distribution and arrangement of electrons in atoms. (iii) Sommerfeld’s model was unable to explain the spectra of alkali metals such as sodium, potassium etc. (iv) It could not explain Zeeman and Stark effect.
What is Bohr quantization condition for angular momentum?
Bohr’s quantization condition of angular momentum: According to Bohr electron can revolve in certain discrete orbits called stationary orbits. The total angular momentum L of the revolving electron is integral multiple of h / 2π .
How did Bohr quantize the angular momentum get the quantized angular momentum related with de Broglie wavelength?
de Broglie came up with an explanation for why the angular momentum might be quantized in the manner Bohr assumed it was. de Broglie realized that if you use the wavelength associated with the electron, and assume that an integral number of wavelengths must fit in the circumference of an orbit, you get the same …
What is Bohr’s frequency rule formula?
Solution : `hv=E_f-E_i` `E_i` = energy in ground state `E_f` =energy in excited state hv is the energy of radiation emitted.
Which of the following expression represents Bohr’s frequency rule?
10) The frequency of radiation absorbed or emitted when transition occurs between two stationary states that differ in energy by AE, is given by: AE_E, -E (2.10) hh Where E, and E, are the energies of the lower and higher allowed energy states respectively. This expression is commonly known as Bohr’s frequency rule.
Why did Bohr quantize angular momentum?
Therefore, quantising angular momentum allows for the electron wave to not interfere with itself during orbit.
Is angular momentum always quantized?
Angular momentum is definitely quantized in elementary particles and electrons in atoms.