What is Clausius-Mossotti equation derivation?
A relation between the polarizability α of a molecule and the dielectric constant ε of a dielectric substance made up of molecules with this polarizability. The Clausius-Mossotti equation can be written in the form α = (3/4πN)/[(ε – 1)/(ε – 2)], where N is the number of molecules per unit volume.
What is the significance of Clausius-mossotti relation?
The Clausius-Mossotti equation relates the dielectric constant of a material to the polarisability of its atoms. It finds natural explanation in terms of the (often omitted) delta function in the electric field of an ideal dipole. This avoids the subtleties of the rather tricky conventional derivation.
What are the limitations of Clausius-Mossotti equation?
Absence of short-range interaction. The above mentioned conditions are satisfied with neutral molecules having no constant dipoles (i.e. non-polar). Therefore the above equation is applicable to neutral liquids and specially to gases. Clausius-Mossotti Equation is not applicable to strong solutions and solids.
Which is Lorentz relation?
In physics, the Lorentz-Lorenz relation is an equation between the index of refraction n and the density ρ of a dielectric (non-conducting matter), where the proportionality constant K depends on the polarizability of the molecules constituting the dielectric.
What is Lorentz local field?
[′lȯr‚ens ¦lō·kəl ′fēld] (electricity) In a theory of electric polarization, the average electric field due to the polarization at a molecular site that is calculated under the assumption that the field due to polarization by molecules inside a small sphere centered at the site may be neglected.
What is the use of Clausius-Mossotti equation?
The Clausius-Mossotti equation relates the dielectric constant of a material to the polarisability of its atoms. It finds natural explanation in terms of the (often omitted) delta function in the electric field of an ideal dipole.
What is the importance of Clausius Clapeyron equation?
The Clapeyron equation helps us determine thermodynamic values for reactions or phases. When combined with volume data, we can use the slope of an experimentally-determined reaction to calculate the Δ S of the reaction, and to calculate the entropy of formation (ΔSf) of a particular phase.
What is Lorentz equation?
Lorentz force, the force exerted on a charged particle q moving with velocity v through an electric field E and magnetic field B. The entire electromagnetic force F on the charged particle is called the Lorentz force (after the Dutch physicist Hendrik A. Lorentz) and is given by F = qE + qv × B.
What is Lorentz transformation formula?
t = t ′ + v x ′ / c 2 1 − v 2 / c 2 x = x ′ + v t ′ 1 − v 2 / c 2 y = y ′ z = z ′ . This set of equations, relating the position and time in the two inertial frames, is known as the Lorentz transformation. They are named in honor of H.A. Lorentz (1853–1928), who first proposed them.
What is depolarisation field?
Depolarization is an electrochemical phenomenon that involves the removal or prevention of polarization in a substance or of polarization arising from the field due to the charges induced on the surface of a dielectric when an external field is applied.
What is the difference between polarization and polarizability?
In short, polarization (the noun) is the displacement of positive charges relative to negative charges in a system (i.e. an atom’s nucleus vs its electrons). Polarizability refers to the difficulty with which such a displacement can be achieved.
What are the applications of Clausius Clapeyron equation?
The Clausius–Clapeyron equation is used to do a comparative study of the properties of the clouds that form in planetary atmospheres.
What is Clausius-Clapeyron statement?
Clausius-Clapeyron Equation. The Clausius-Clapeyron Equation. The relationship between the temperature of a liquid and its vapor pressure is not a straight line. The vapor pressure of water, for example, increases significantly more rapidly than the temperature of the system.
What is v in Lorentz force?
Lorentz force, the force exerted on a charged particle q moving with velocity v through an electric field E and magnetic field B.
What is the meaning of Lorentz factor?
The Lorentz factor or Lorentz term is a quantity expressing how much the measurements of time, length, and other physical properties change for an object while that object is moving. The expression appears in several equations in special relativity, and it arises in derivations of the Lorentz transformations.
Why is it called Lorentz transformation?
Lorentz transformation is the relationship between two different coordinate frames that move at a constant velocity and are relative to each other. The name of the transformation comes from a Dutch physicist Hendrik Lorentz. There are two frames of reference, which are: Inertial Frames – Motion with a constant velocity.
What is the Clausius Mossotti relation?
Clausius–Mossotti relation. The Clausius–Mossotti relation expresses the dielectric constant (relative permittivity, ε r) of a material in terms of the atomic polarizibility, α, of the material’s constituent atoms and/or molecules, or a homogeneous mixture thereof. It is named after Ottaviano-Fabrizio Mossotti and Rudolf Clausius.
How do you calculate the Clausius Mossotti factor?
The frequency (ω) dependence of the Clausius– Mossotti factor, CM(ω) was determined using the com- plex dielectric permittivity of the medium and particle, the Clausius–Mossotti factor which is defined in the fol- lowing equation: CM(ω) = ε∗ p−ε∗ m ε∗ p+2ε∗m
When is the Clausius-Mossotti relation applicable to substances?
Moreover, the Clausius-Mossotti relation may be applicable to substances if the applied electric field is at a sufficiently high frequencies such that any permanent dipole modes are inactive.
Is Clausius-Mossotti relation applicable to H2 gas?
It is applicable to gases such as N 2, CO 2, CH 4 and H 2 at sufficiently low densities and pressures. For example, the Clausius-Mossotti relation is accurate for N 2 gas up to 1000 atm between 25°C and 125°C.