What is hexachlorocyclohexane used for?
Summary: Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) is a manufactured chemical that exists in eight chemical forms called isomers. One of these forms, gamma-HCH (or γ-HCH, commonly called lindane) is produced and used as an insecticide on fruit, vegetables, and forest crops.
What is Gammaxene or lindane Class 11?
Note: Gammaxene is the gamma isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane. There are two more isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane, they are alpha-HCH and beta-HCH and they are even more toxic than gammaxene.In humans, gammaxene affects the liver, kidneys, nervous system and is also considered carcinogenic (cancer causing compound).
What is the name of HCH?
Hexachlorocyclohexane
Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), formally known as benzene hexachloride (BHC), is a synthetic chemical that exists in eight chemical forms called isomers. The different isomers are named according to the position of the hydrogen atoms in the structure of the chemical.
What is the isomer of benzene hexachloride called lindane?
gamma-isomer
Lindane is the gamma-isomer of benzene hexachloride, a colorless to white colored, synthetic, crystalline solid with a slight musty odor that emits toxic fumes of hydrochloric acid and other chlorinated compounds when heated to decomposition. Lindane is used as an insecticide for hardwood logs, lumber, and crops.
Is Gammaxene banned in India?
Pesticides Banned for manufacture, import and use . Lindane (Gamma-HCH)(Banned vide Gazette Notification No S.O. 637(E) Dated 25/03/2011)-Banned for Manufecture,Import or Formulate w.e.f. 25th March,2011 and banned for use w.e.f. 25th March,2013. Pesticide formulations banned for import, manufacture and use.
Why is lindane banned?
In 2002, California banned pharmaceutical use of lindane because of concerns about water quality, as lindane treatment for head lice and scabies was found to be a significant factor adversely affecting wastewater quality.
Who discovered DDT?
DDT, prepared by the reaction of chloral with chlorobenzene in the presence of sulfuric acid, was first made in 1874. Its insecticidal properties were discovered in 1939 by a Swiss chemist, Paul Hermann Müller.
Is HCH banned?
Production of tech-HCH in the U.S. was banned in 1976, but the compound may still be used in other countries [1].
What is BHC benzene hexachloride?
benzene hexachloride (BHC), any of several stereoisomers of 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane formed by the light-induced addition of chlorine to benzene. One of these isomers is an insecticide called lindane, or Gammexane. Related Topics: insecticide aryl halide gamma benzene hexachloride.
Who synthesized BHC?
In the year 1825, Faraday was the first person to originally synthesize this chemical. In the year 1942, a Dutch chemist Teunis van der Linden isolated Benzene hexachloride. He was the first one to describe γ-hexachlorocyclohexane in the year 1912.
Which fertilizer is banned in India?
Common pesticides like ddt (di-chloro di-phenyl tri chloroethane), bhc (benzene hexachloride), which are already banned in developed countries, are only partially banned in India.”
Is lindane banned in India?
Pesticides Banned for manufacture, import and use . Lindane (Gamma-HCH)(Banned vide Gazette Notification No S.O. 637(E) Dated 25/03/2011)-Banned for Manufecture,Import or Formulate w.e.f. 25th March,2011 and banned for use w.e.f. 25th March,2013.
Is lindane poisonous?
Lindane is quite toxic to humans. The acute (short-term) effects of lindane through inhalation exposure in humans consist of irritation of the nose and throat and effects on the blood.
Who banned DDT?
In 1972, EPA issued a cancellation order for DDT based on its adverse environmental effects, such as those to wildlife, as well as its potential human health risks.
What is Gammexane powder?
Product Description. Used as an agricultural insecticide and as a pharmaceutical treatment for lice and scabies.
What is Gammexane?
Gammexane is commonly known as Benzene hexa-chloride (BHC) which is used as an insecticide. Benzene hexa-chloride was first prepared in1825, the insecticidal properties were identified in 1944 with gamma isomers.
What is BHC commercially called?
Lindane, also known as gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH), gammaxene, Gammallin and benzene hexachloride (BHC), is an organochlorine chemical and an isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane that has been used both as an agricultural insecticide and as a pharmaceutical treatment for lice and scabies.
What are the isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane?
The isomers are poisonous, pesticidal, and persistent organic pollutants, to varying degrees. Hexachlorocyclohexane was dimerized to produce mirex, a banned pesticide. Chlorination of benzene under electrophilic aromatic substitution conditions (Cl 2 /FeCl 3 or Cl 2 /AlCl 3) produces chlorobenzene.
What is benzene hexachloride?
It is sometimes erroneously called ” benzene hexachloride ” (BHC). They have been used as models for analyzing the effects of different geometric positions of the large atoms with dipolar bonds on the stability of the cyclohexane conformation.
What is the name of the compound HCH?
Hexachlorocyclohexane. Hexachlorocyclohexane ( HCH) is any of several polyhalogenated organic compounds consisting of a six-carbon ring with one chlorine and one hydrogen attached to each carbon. There are many isomers for this structure, differing by the stereochemistry of the individual chlorine substituents on the cyclohexane.