What is Potter Elvehjem homogenizer?
A device used to disrupt tissues. A cylindrical glass or hard polymer pestle rotates in a close-fitting tube and a suspension of the tissue particles is subjected to shearing forces as the pestle moves up and down and presses the suspension through the space between the rotating pestle and the tube.
What is Potter Elvehjem?
With a Tissue Grinder Potter-Elvehjem, the PTFE pestle is attached to a stainless steel shaft and homogenization occurs as the sample and buffer are forced through the cylindrical portion of the mortar as the pestle rotates downward. Generally, this is a hand-held process since all movement is done by hand.
How does a homogenizer work?
A homogenizer works by breaking or subdividing the dispersed components into smaller particles and then distributing them evenly throughout the mixture. The action created by the homogenizer continuously disrupts the formation of large particles due to immiscibility and precipitation.
What is mechanical homogenizer?
Mechanical homogenization utilizes direct physical force to bring a biological sample in solution to a state of uniform distribution, such that all fractions’ molecular composition is consistent. Traditionally, mechanical disruption was achieved by freezing tissues and then grinding with a mortar and pestle.
What is homogenizer pump?
A homogenizer is a single acting reciprocating multi-plunger pump with an adjustable valve, the homogenizing valve, able to create the pressure used to micronize various products.
What happens in first and second stage homogenization?
In both single-stage homogenization and two-stage homogenization, the whole homogenization pressure (P1) is used over the first device. In single-stage homogenization, the back pressure (P2) is created by the process. In two-stage homogenization the back pressure (P2) is created by the second stage.
What is the importance of 2nd stage homogenization?
For milk on milk products with > 6 % milk fat, two-stage homogenization is needed to prevent fat clustering pressure of 140 bar (2000 psi) and 35 bar (500 psi) in the first and second stage respectively are applied in two-stage homogenization. For milk with more than 6% fat, two stage homogenization is better.
What is homogenizing valve?
The homogenizing valve: the heart of homogenization technology. Homogenization uses high pressure energy to reduce the particles contained in a fluid to required size, thereby obtaining a uniform emulsion that is stable over time.
What is the pressure of homogenization?
Homogenization temperatures normally applied are 55 – 80 °C, and homogenization pressure is between 10 and 25 MPa (100 – 250 bar), depending on the product.
How do you test a homogenizer?
Homogenizer efficiency can be tested directly by measuring the transmission of milk samples of thickness ca. 0·1 mm., using wavelengths in the near infrared region.
Which method is used to determine the efficiency of homogenizer?
The Farrall Index is a microscopic method for determining homogenization efficiency, based on the number of droplets having a diameter of < 2 µ. A Farrall index ranging from 5 to 7 implies “excellent” homogenization efficiency.
What is a potter Elvehjem tissue grinder used for?
These PYREX® Potter-Elvehjem tissue grinders (homogenizers) are used in preparing small samples for pathological and biochemical studies. Homogenization occurs as the sample and buffer are forced through the cylindrical portion of the mortar as the pestle is rotated downward.
Can I use a tissue grinder Potter-Elvehjem to homogenize soft tissue samples?
You need not be limited to using only a Tissue Grinder Potter-Elvehjem with your soft tissue samples, such as liver or brain. A PRO Scientific rotor-stator homogenizer can be an effective means of homogenizing soft tissues.
How do you disrupt cells with a Rotor Stator Homogenizer?
Cell disruption with the rotor-stator homogenizer involves hydraulic and mechanical shear as well as cavitation. Using a Potter-Elvehjem homogenizer with a PTFE pestle is a viable option for disrupting cells. However, it is not very efficient at the homogenizing of solid tissue.
How does homogenization of mortar occur?
Homogenization occurs as the sample and buffer are forced through the cylindrical portion of the mortar as the pestle is rotated downward. Mortar is not… …allow easier cleaning or replacement of damaged mortars.