What is Superstratum in language?
In linguistics, a stratum (Latin for “layer”) or strate is a language that influences or is influenced by another through contact. A substratum or substrate is a language that has lower power or prestige than another, while a superstratum or superstrate is the language that has higher power or prestige.
What is substratum theory?
The SUBSTRATUM theory focuses on influences of different language forms that come into contact with English. This happens, mainly through languages of non-native speakers or regional dialects coming into contact with the English Language.
Who came up with substratum theory?
Rudolf Lenz and the Spanish /tf/ nexus. 6 Although Lenz’s claims have fallen into disrepute today, he must be credited as being the first major proponent of the substratum theory concerning American Spanish.
What is substrate in pidgin?
The indigenous non-European languages are the substrate which is the less dominant language in a contact situation. The speakers of the substrate languages were regarded socially inferior to the European colonizers. They had little or no socio-political power.
Why is Basilect used?
In linguistics, a basilect is a dialect of speech that has diverged so far from the standard language that in essence it has become a different language. A basilect represents the opposite end of the scale of linguistic formality from an acrolect.
What does Adstratal mean?
ADSTRATUM (adstrate) refers to a language that is in contact with another language equal in prestige.
What is the meaning of Substratal?
1. something that is spread or laid under something else; a stratum or layer lying under another. 2. something that underlies or serves as a basis or foundation. 3.
What is Chen’s S curve model?
Chen – 1968 and 1972 – the S Curve model: This model is based on Chen who asserted that users would pick up a language change at a certain rate before spreading into wider language usage and then slowing. This change can be measured on a chart and will produce a curve resembling the letter ‘s. ‘
What is basilect mesolect and acrolect?
basilect, mesolect, acrolect Terms from creole studies to refer to the varieties furthest away from, in the middle and nearest to the standard of the lexifier language respectively.
What does basilect meaning?
the least prestigious language variety
Definition of basilect : the least prestigious language variety of a community — compare acrolect.
What is structural borrowing?
structural borrowing. a part of language borrowing; refers to the borrowing of phonological, morphological or even syntactic patterns from another language.
What does the word Cutlass mean?
Definition of cutlass 1 : a short curving sword formerly used by sailors on warships. 2 : machete.
What do you mean by adventitious?
Definition of adventitious 1 : coming from another source and not inherent or innate a Federal house without adventitious later additions adventitious influences. 2 : arising or occurring sporadically or in other than the usual location adventitious roots.
What is Informalisation in English language?
Updated on July 03, 2019. In linguistics, informalization is the incorporation of aspects of intimate, personal discourse (such as colloquial language) into public forms of spoken and written communication is called informalization. It’s also called demotization.
What is the damp spoon syndrome?
The ‘Damp Spoon Syndrome’ implies that people have become lazy with language, “precisely the kind of distaste I feel at seeing a damp spoon dipped in the sugar bowl…” (1997, p. 9-10).
What is pidgin with example?
Pidgins generally consist of small vocabularies (Chinese Pidgin English has only 700 words), but some have grown to become a group’s native language. Examples include Sea Island Creole (spoken in South Carolina’s Sea Islands), Haitian Creole, and Louisiana Creole.
Why is pidgin called pidgin?
Etymology. Pidgin derives from a Chinese pronunciation of the English word business, and all attestations from the first half of the nineteenth century given in the third edition of the Oxford English Dictionary mean “business; an action, occupation, or affair” (the earliest being from 1807).
What is mesolect example?
any variety of language in a creole continuum that is intermediate between the basilect and the acrolect. Compare acrolect, basilect.
What is superstratum theory in linguistics?
Superstratum Theory. This is when a new language is introduced into a region and alters or affects the language that is already spoken there. This is the opposite to the Substratum Theory. The theory suggests that this occurs to minimise the differences between themselves and their English neighbours.
What is the difference between stratum and substratum?
In linguistics, a stratum ( Latin for “layer”) or strate is a language that influences or is influenced by another through contact. A substratum or substrate is a language that has lower power or prestige than another, while a superstratum or superstrate is the language that has higher power or prestige.
What is the difference between substratum theory and new language theory?
This is when a new language is introduced into a region and alters or affects the language that is already spoken there. This is the opposite to the Substratum Theory. When an original language can alter or affect later languages which are introduced there.
What are the various philosophers’theories of knowledge?
Theory of Knowledge by Various Philosophers. 1. Plato’s Theory of Knowledge: The most significant part of Plato’s philosophy is his theory of knowledge which lies at the basis of his theory of Ideas. Plato’s theory of knowledge is a more refined form of the theory of knowledge of Socrates. Socrates used the method of dialogue in explaining