What is the difference between Sauropsids and synapsids?
Synapsids include all mammals, including extinct mammalian species. Synapsids also include therapsids, which were mammal-like reptiles from which mammals evolved. Sauropsids include reptiles and birds and can be further divided into anapsids and diapsids.
What adaptations are present in non avian reptiles that have made life on land possible?
One of the key adaptations that permitted reptiles to live on land was the development of their scaly skin which contains the protein keratin and waxy lipids, reducing water loss from the skin. Due to this occlusive skin, reptiles cannot use their skin for respiration, as do amphibians; all breathe with lungs.
What is the function of temporal Fenestra?
The large post-temporal fenestrae (large holes in the back of the skull) of turtles allow the jaw musculature to expand beyond the confines of the adductor chamber.
What gave rise to amniotes?
The earliest amniotes were the Captorhinida, which eventually gave rise to modern amniotes (reptiles, birds, and mammals). The ancient reptilian group the Captorhinida derived early in the Carboniferous (360-286 Million Years Ago; MYA) from the anthracosaurs, a group of Paleozoic amphibians (Carroll, 1988).
When did sauropsids split synapsids?
about 312 million years ago
Synapsids and sauropsids split off from each other about 312 million years ago, during the late Carboniferous period.
How is the process of respiration in reptiles adapted to life on land?
Instead, reptiles breathe air only through their lungs. However, their lungs are more efficient than the lungs of amphibians, with more surface area for gas exchange. This is another important reptile adaptation for life on land. Reptiles have various ways of moving air into and out of their lungs.
What are 3 adaptations found in lizards that make them successful in their preferred environment?
Protective Adaptations Camouflage so they are more difficult to spot in their environment. Bright colors to warn predators they are poisonous. Disposable tails that grow back so the tail can distract predators while the reptile escapes.
How do amniotes breathe?
In amniotes, the primarily fully terrestrial vertebrates, lungs are the principle sites for air breathing and their anatomy exhibits tremendous structural diversity.
Is Sauropsida monophyletic?
Since the advent of phylogenetic nomenclature, the term Reptilia has fallen out of favor with many taxonomists, who have used Sauropsida in its place to include a monophyletic group containing the traditional reptiles and the birds.
Why did synapsids go extinct?
After flourishing for many millions of years, these successful animals were all but wiped out by the Permian–Triassic mass extinction about 250 mya, the largest known extinction in Earth’s history, possibly related to the Siberian Traps volcanic event.
What are the common characteristics between synapsids and mammals?
Mammals belong to a larger group of animals called synapsids. These are vertebrate animals that produce amniotic eggs and have a single hole, or temportal fenestra, behind their eye socket.
How does a reptiles respiratory system work?
All reptiles breathe through their lungs. The reptile lung has a much greater surface area for the exchange of gases than the lungs of amphibians. Many reptiles’ lungs have little sacs called alveoli, across which gas is exchanged. This makes their lungs much more efficient than those of amphibians.
Which type of respiratory system is present in reptiles?
Reptile Respiration Instead, reptiles breathe air only through their lungs. However, their lungs are more efficient than the lungs of amphibians, with more surface area for gas exchange. This is another important reptile adaptation for life on land. Reptiles have various ways of moving air into and out of their lungs.
What adaptations help lizards survive?
Many lizards use camouflage to escape predators and hunt for food. Many lizards are born with skin that matches the colors of places they live. Other lizards, like chameleons and geckos, can change the color of their skin to blend in with their surroundings.
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis. Glucose is created by the process of photosynthesis. Cellular respiration involves the breakdown of glucose and the storage of the energy received into the molecule ATP. Plants create their own energy through photosynthesis and also use cellular respiration to produce ATP.
What reactants do plants need to perform photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide produced during respiration is one of the reactants plants need to perform photosynthesis. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are both part of a mutually beneficial relationship. Cellular respiration cannot occur without photosynthesis, and photosynthesis certainly cannot occur without the help of its partner.
What are the products of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
The byproduct from photosynthesis is oxygen and is directly used in the process of cellular respiration. Also, the byproduct from cellular reparation is carbon dioxide and is directly used in the process of photosynthesis. How do Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Work Together?
What is the equation for photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
The following image is an equation for photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Photosynthesis takes six carbon dioxide molecules, six water molecules, and sunlight and creates glucose (C6H12O6).