What is the use of a tuyere?
A tuyere or tuyère (French pronunciation: [tɥijɛʁ]; English: /twiːˈjɛər/) is a tube, nozzle or pipe through which air is blown into a furnace or hearth.
What is the use of tuyeres in cupola furnace?
Tuyeres — an old French term for “nozzles” —are used in many metallurgical vessels, including blast furnaces, which smelt iron, and cupolas, which melt iron, to direct the air blast into the furnace.
What is Deadman zone in blast furnace?
Introduction. A large area of coke called ‘deadman’ is formed in the low part of ironmaking blast furnace. The recognition of the deadman is significant to the evaluation of the performance for blast furnace.
What is burden in blast furnace?
Burden distribution affects the whole process of iron-making in a blast furnace (BF), including the distribution of the gas flow, the quality and production of the pig iron, and the consumption of the energy. Gas utilization rate (GUR) is one of the most important indictors to reflect the development of a BF.
What is a bustle pipe?
Definition of bustle pipe : the outside pipe that supplies the blast to the tuyeres in a blast furnace.
Which Tuyeres increase the melting efficiency?
_________ tuyeres increase the melting efficiency. Explanation: The tuyeres are responsible for the supply of air for combustion in the cupola. The tuyeres are always fitted in one or more number of rows. Auxiliary tuyeres being more efficient are fitted in the cupola to supply more air and increase melting efficiency.
What is raceway in blast furnace?
In the lower part of an ironmaking blast furnace, a hot air jet is injected horizontally into a bed of coke particles, forming a void zone, called a “raceway”. In this paper, two-fluid gas–solid modeling is used to study the influence of various operational parameters on the size and shape of the raceway (void zone).
What is cohesive zone in blast furnace?
In an iron making blast furnace, the iron bearing particles descend through the furnace, undergoing processes of reduction, softening, melting and dripping on to the hearth, and at temperatures between the start of softening and complete melting they form the cohesive zone.
What does a tuyere do in a blast furnace?
Tuyeres are small pipes that permit hot air from the bustle pipe to enter the blast furnace. They are special shaped nozzles through which hot air blast is injected into the blast furnace. They are made of copper and are usually water cooled since they are directly exposed to the furnace temperature.
What is bustle pipe in blast furnace?
The bustle pipe is a large, circular, refractory lined and insulated pipe that encircles the furnace at above mantle level and distributes the heated blast from the hot blast main to each tuyere connection.
What is melting ratio of cupola?
In cold-blast cupolas, cold combustion air is supplied to the furnace as the exhaust gas is not thermally recovered (extraction above throat), this usually refers to small-sized furnaces (melting rate of approx. 2–10 t/h).
Which fuel is used in cupola furnace?
Cupola uses low grade coal as fuel. Explanation: The fuel that is used for cupola is generally a very high grade low-sulphur coke, anthracite coal or carbon briquettes. These fuels produce a large amount of smoke when used for combustion but produce the amount of heat required for working of the cupola.
What is Raceway zone?
What is iron sponge made of?
Sponge iron, also called direct reduced iron (DRI), is made from directly changing iron ore (in any form whatsoever) to iron by a cutback gas or carbon, produced from natural gas or coal. It is one of the many raw materials used in sponge iron.