What is transgenic crop in agriculture?
A transgenic crop is a genetically modified organism (GMO). Transgenic indicates that a transfer of genes has occurred using recombinant DNA technology [1]. Generally a transgenic crop contains one or more genes that have been inserted artificially either from an unrelated plant or from different species altogether.
What are 4 benefits to transgenic crops in agriculture?
Some benefits of genetic engineering in agriculture are increased crop yields, reduced costs for food or drug production, reduced need for pesticides, enhanced nutrient composition and food quality, resistance to pests and disease, greater food security, and medical benefits to the world’s growing population.
What is a transgenic crop give at least 2 examples?
Examples of GM crops that have transgenetic material include Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn/maize, BT potato and soybean resistant to the herbicide glyphosate.
How can transgenic crops prevent nutritional diseases?
“Nutritionally enhanced” GM crops under development include varieties of wheat free of gluten, a major cause of food allergy; vegetables with higher vitamin E content to help fight heart disease; and “golden rice” genetically engineered to contain vitamin A and iron so as to prevent common nutritional deficiencies in …
What is the first transgenic crop?
tobacco plants
In 1982, the first transgenic plants were produced in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) which expressed antibiotic resistance. L-phosphinothricin, a gene resistant to PPT, Basta (active ingredient of herbicide) was isolated in Medicago sativa.
How are transgenic crops produced?
GM is a technology that involves inserting DNA into the genome of an organism. To produce a GM plant, new DNA is transferred into plant cells. Usually, the cells are then grown in tissue culture where they develop into plants. The seeds produced by these plants will inherit the new DNA.
What are the main benefits of genetically modified crops?
Disease- and drought-resistant plants that require fewer environmental resources (such as water and fertilizer) Less use of pesticides. Increased supply of food with reduced cost and longer shelf life. Faster growing plants and animals.
What is the impact of genetically modified crops?
Research indicates that GM crop technology can result in a net increase in herbicide use and can foster the growth of herbicide resistant weeds. In addition, there is concern that the use of GM crops may negatively impact the agriculture ecosystem.
How transgenic crops are produced?
How transgenic plants improved nutritional quality?
Transgenic modification of plant nutritional value has progressed greatly in the following aspects: improving the quality, composition and levels of protein, starch and fatty acid in different crops; increasing the levels of antioxidants (e.g. carotenoids and flavonoids); breeding the new type of plants with medical …
How are transgenic crops made?
What are advantages of transgenic crop?
Through the use of transgenics, one can produce plants with desired traits and even increased yields. The transgenics would allow for more crops that last longer and withstand pests and diseases. Transgenic plant production will allow us to feed the growing population and to produce more desirable products.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of genetically modified food?
The pros of GMO crops are that they may contain more nutrients, are grown with fewer pesticides, and are usually cheaper than their non-GMO counterparts. The cons of GMO foods are that they may cause allergic reactions because of their altered DNA and they may increase antibiotic resistance.
How is genetically modified food beneficial to farmers?
GMO crops that are tolerant to herbicides help farmers control weeds without damaging the crops. When farmers use these herbicide-tolerant crops they do not need to till the soil, which they normally do to get rid of weeds. This no-till planting helps to maintain soil health and lower fuel and labor use.
When was the first transgenic crop produced?
The first genetically engineered crop plant was tobacco, reported in 1983.
What is the importance of transgenic plants?
Transgenic plants generated for this purpose are capable of expressing recombinant proteins including viral and bacterial antigens and antibodies. Common food plants like banana, tomato, rice, carrot, etc. have been used to produce vaccines against certain diseases like hepatitis B, cholera, HIV, etc.
What is the purpose of transgenic plants?
The main purpose in the production of transgenic plants is to produce crops, which have ideal traits, quality, and high yield. Besides being beneficial to the agriculture sector, the plants are found to be able to act as the factory for pharmaceutical protein production [3].
What are the potential risks of transgenic crops?
– United States of America- 70.1 million hectares area under GMCs – Brazil- 40.3 – Argentina- 24.4 – India- 11.0 – Canada- 10.8
Why are transgenic crops used in agriculture?
A promoter region,which signals where a gene begins and it used to express the gene;
Are transgenic crops safe to grow and eat?
This makes the plants safer for the consumer and allows the farmer to save money on chemicals. In conclusion, transgenic crops are an economically safer method of producing crop products, which makes them appealing and potentially profitable.
What crops are typically genetically modified?
Allergic Reactions.