How does SG relate to density?
Density is defined as mass per unit volume. It has the SI unit kg m-3 or kg/m3 and is an absolute quantity. Specific gravity is the ratio of a material’s density with that of water at 4 °C (where it is most dense and is taken to have the value 999.974 kg m-3). It is therefore a relative quantity with no units.
How is density calculated from specific gravity?
Specific gravity is a ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, usually water. Since the density of water is one gram per cubic centimeter, you calculate specific gravity by dividing the density of a substance by one gram per cubic centimeter.
What does SG stand for density?
specific gravity, also called relative density, ratio of the density of a substance to that of a standard substance.
What is density multiplied by gravity?
Multiply the density by the acceleration of gravity (9.81) to calculate the specific weight. In our example, the specific weight is 840 x 9.81 = 8,240.4. Measure or obtain elsewhere the volume of the substance.
How do you calculate specific density?
Remember, finding the density involves dividing the mass by the volume. If the mass is 36 grams and the volume is 3 mililiters, then the density of the object is 12 grams per milliliter. That means that the specific gravity will be 12. That’s greater than one.
What is the SG of water?
1
Water has a specific gravity equal to 1. Materials with a specific gravity less than 1 are less dense than water, and will float on the pure liquid; substances with a specific gravity more than 1 are more dense than water, and will sink.
What is the SG of oil?
Specific Gravity Resource
| Liquid | SG @ 60°F / 15.6°C |
|---|---|
| Beer | 1.01 |
| Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 | 1.59 |
| Corn Oil | 0.924 |
| Crude Oil | 0.79 – 0.86 |
What is SG in fluid mechanics?
Specific Gravity. The specific gravity of a fluid, designated as SG, is defined as the ratio of the density of the fluid to the density of water at some specified temperature. Usually the specified temperature is taken as 4 °C and at this temperature the. density of water is 1000 kg/m3.
How do you convert API gravity to density?
The formula can be reversed to find the density of the petroleum liquid. Add 131.5 to the API gravity. The formula for API gravity is API = (141.5/SG) -131.5 where SG is the specific gravity of the petroleum liquid being measured. For example, for an API gravity of 50, add 131.5 to obtain 181.5.
How do you calculate the gravity of water?
Calculate the density of an object of mass M occupying a volume V using the formula D = M ÷ V. Calculate the object’s specific gravity by dividing its density by the density of water at 4 degrees Celsius. It follows that pure water has a specific gravity of 1 or close to 1 depending on temperature.
Is gravity related to density?
Specific gravity is in direct relationship with density. It is the ratio of an object’s density, and its contact substance. For example, if you want to place an object in water, the specific gravity would tell you if it would float or not.
What is the formula for specific gravity?
The formula for specific gravity, given that the reference substance is water, is the density of the object divided by the density of the water. Here, we use the Greek symbol Rho to indicate density.
What is the specific gravity of additives?
DENSITY. Other liquid additives have specific gravity close to unity and they contribute to the reduction of specific gravity of the products. Fillers and pigments have the opposite effect because their specific gravities are likely in the range of 1.7 to 4.2 (from the density of carbon black to the density of titanium dioxide).
What is specific gravity in ASTM d-792?
5.4 Specific Gravity Testing (ASTM D-792) Specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of material at 73°F (23°C) to that of an equal volume of water at the same temperature. It is properly expressed as “specific gravity, 23/23°C.” Density is the weight per unit volume of material at 23°C and is expressed as D 23°C in g/cm3.
What is the specific gravity of a floating object?
When the specific gravity is greater than one, the object will sink, and when the specific gravity is less than one, then the object will float. If the specific gravity is equal to one’, this means that the object will neither sink nor float — it will hover in the liquid.