What are the differential diagnosis of red eye?
Selected Differential Diagnosis of Red Eye
| Condition | Signs |
|---|---|
| Conjunctivitis | |
| Viral | Normal vision, normal pupil size and reaction to light, diffuse conjunctival injections (redness), preauricular lymphadenopathy, lymphoid follicle on the undersurface of the eyelid |
| Herpes zoster ophthalmicus | Vesicular rash, keratitis, uveitis |
How can you tell the difference between scleritis and uveitis?
To differentiate uveitis from episcleritis and scleritis, instill a topical cycloplegic (e.g., 0.25% scopolamine) to see if the pain subsides. The more significant the pain, the more likely you are dealing with uveitis.
How can you tell the difference between conjunctivitis and scleritis?
The extreme pain of scleritis helps to differentiate it from other common causes of redness of the eyes such as conjunctivitis, which can cause itching and burning, but is not exceptionally painful. There is usually no discharge from the eye in scleritis while there is often a discharge with conjunctivitis.
What can bloodshot eyes indicate?
Red or bloodshot eyes occur when small blood vessels on the surface of the eye become enlarged and congested with blood. Red eyes alone are not usually a reason for concern. However, if there is also eye pain, watering, dryness, or impaired vision, this can indicate a serious medical problem.
Can glaucoma cause red eyes?
Yes. Sometimes fluid builds up in the front part of the eye, putting pressure on the eye which can damage the optic nerve. It’s the leading cause of blindness for people 60 and over.
How many types of uveitis are there?
Pan-uveitis (all parts of the eye) When the inflammation affects all major parts of the eye, it’s called pan-uveitis. It often involves a combination of features and symptoms from all three types of uveitis.
What autoimmune disease causes scleritis?
Causes. Scleritis is often linked to autoimmune diseases. These diseases occur when the body’s immune system attacks and destroys healthy body tissue by mistake. Rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus are examples of autoimmune diseases.
What is the most common cause of scleritis?
Scleritis commonly has an underlying cause, usually an autoimmune disease (rheumatoid arthritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, other vasculitic/connective tissue diseases). Treatment include corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), immunosuppressives, and biologics.
Can high blood pressure cause bloodshot eyes?
The link between blood pressure and vision problems High blood pressure and red eyes often occur simultaneously. The eyes are full of blood vessels, and they typically stiffen and join each other in instances of high blood pressure.
What bacteria can cause uveitis?
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
What are the stages of uveitis?
VKH presents in four stages: prodromal, acute uveitic, convalescent and chronic recurrent. The prodromal phase is marked by flu-like symptoms. The acute uveitic stage presents as a diffuse, bilateral, granulomatous anterior uveitis.
Is scleritis life threatening?
Complications of scleritis include peripheral ulcerative keratitis, acute stromal keratitis, sclerosing keratitis, uveitis, cataract, astigmatism, glaucoma, and globe perforation. Posterior scleritis is uncommon but is probably underdiagnosed. It is a potentially sight-threatening condition.
What is the most common systemic disease associated with scleritis?
Scleritis may be isolated to the eye, but is commonly associated with systemic autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, relapsing polychondritis, spondyloarthropathies, Wegener granulomatosis, polyarteritis nodosa, and giant cell arteritis.