What is trachoma PDF?
Trachoma is the most common infectious cause of blindness worldwide. It afflicts some of the poorest regions of the globe, predominantly in Africa and Asia. The disease is initiated in early childhood by repeated infection of the ocular surface by Chlamydia trachomatis.
What is trachoma answer?
Trachoma is a disease of the eye caused by infection with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It is a public health problem in 44 countries and is responsible for the blindness or visual impairment of about 1.9 million people. Blindness from trachoma is irreversible.
What is trachoma caused by?
Trachoma is the world’s leading cause of preventable blindness of infectious origin 1. Caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, trachoma is easily spread through direct personal contact, shared towels and cloths, and flies that have come in contact with the eyes or nose of an infected person.
WHO trachoma safe?
Eliminate blinding trachoma in known endemic areas by 2020 through the implementation of the SAFE strategy – surgery for trichiasis, antibiotic administration, promotion of facial cleanliness and environmental improvements to address barriers to facial cleanliness.
What are the complications of trachoma?
Complications
- Scarring of the inner eyelid.
- Eyelid deformities, such as an inward-folding eyelid (entropion) or ingrown eyelashes (trichiasis), which can scratch the cornea.
- Corneal scarring or cloudiness.
- Partial or complete vision loss.
What are the five complications of trachoma?
The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified five stages in the development of trachoma:
- Inflammation — follicular.
- Inflammation — intense.
- Eyelid scarring.
- In-turned eyelashes (trichiasis).
- Corneal clouding (opacity).
Which countries have trachoma?
Trachoma is one of the leading infectious causes of preventable blindness and is endemic in many of the rural, poor, and remote areas of countries in Africa, Asia, Australia, Central and South America, and the Middle East.
How can we prevent trachoma?
Prevention
- Face washing and hand-washing. Keeping faces and hands clean may help break the cycle of reinfection.
- Fly control. Reducing fly populations can help eliminate a source of transmission.
- Proper waste management.
- Improved access to water.
Does azithromycin treat trachoma?
Medication Summary The antibiotic of choice for treating active trachoma is azithromycin. The dose for children is 20 mg/kg in a single dose; adults receive a single dose of 1 g. The second-line treatment is topical tetracycline eye ointment 1%. Topical tetracycline is applied to both eyes twice a day for 6 weeks.
What is the history of trachoma?
Indication of Trachoma has been frequently documented through the history. The oldest has found in China dating back to 2600 B.C. The first clear description of disease is from 1500 BC in the Ebers Papyrus which is a collection of medical prescriptions found in Egypt.
Is India free from trachoma?
Trachoma, a common eye infection among children that often leads to blindness, has been eliminated from the country, doctors at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) announced recently.
What is the difference between conjunctivitis and trachoma?
The term conjunctivitis is applied to any form of inflammatory, change affecting the conjunctiva, while trachoma is a variety of conjunctivitis, the full name of which is conjunctivitis trachoma- tosa.
WHO declared India trachoma free?
On December 08, 2017, Shri J P Nadda, Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare released the National Trachoma Survey Report (2014-17)1. He declared that India is now free from ‘infective trachoma’, and termed this as a momentous achievement.
How is trachoma treated?
Medications. In the early stages of trachoma, treatment with antibiotics alone may be enough to eliminate the infection. Your doctor may prescribe tetracycline eye ointment or oral azithromycin (Zithromax). Azithromycin appears to be more effective than tetracycline, but it’s more expensive.